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Perspective voyage · Second to third century CE

Nāgārjuna — Emptiness is dependence, not disappearance

If nothing has an independent essence, are things unreal or real only through relations?

The question that moves this idea

What is real, and what remains through change?

Instead of memorizing a conclusion, follow the evidence scenes to see what this perspective distinguishes and where its explanation stops.

Scene 1 / 2Evidence-linked account

In Nāgārjuna's Madhyamaka, emptiness means that phenomena lack an independent, unchanging intrinsic nature (svabhāva).

Open evidence for this scene

This sentence is an editorial paraphrase linked to the listed sources, not a direct quotation.

  • Nāgārjuna

    Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

    Locator: §2.1 Svabhāva and §2.2 Emptiness

    Open source

Time × place

Where the idea met time and place

We do not invent a birthplace for an idea. Only evidence-backed events such as writing, publication, teaching, and reception appear here.

175 CE · Around the second or third century

The Fundamental Verses re-examine intrinsic nature and causation through dependence and emptiness.

Keep the voyage moving

Where should this perspective lead?

Enter the judgment scene

Compare this perspective with three others on the same cases.

Enter the judgment scene

Open the person’s full voyage

Restore the period, works, and places behind the single claim.

Open the person’s full voyage

Return to the work

Read the claim inside its argument and publication or reception history.

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