Whose knowledge is allowed to count?

Begin with a concrete case.

Choose the case that makes the question clearest to you. This choice only decides where you begin.

1. Case 1

   Equally accurate testimony is trusted less because of the speaker’s race, gender, or class. Is this merely rude, or a loss of knowledge?

2. Case 2

   A recurring harm lacks a shared social concept. Does the person therefore fail to know their own experience?

3. Case 3

   Experts exclude those directly affected by a policy from study design and interpretation. Are the results objective?