All perspectives

Perspective voyage · 1969

Frankfurt — Acting for one’s own reasons without alternatives

If an intervener could block every alternative but never touches the actual decision, does the absence of alternatives remove responsibility?

The question that moves this idea

Can we be responsible if we could not have done otherwise?

Instead of memorizing a conclusion, follow the evidence scenes to see what this perspective distinguishes and where its explanation stops.

Scene 1 / 2Evidence-linked account

The Principle of Alternative Possibilities says a person is morally responsible only if they could have done otherwise.

Open evidence for this scene

This sentence is an editorial paraphrase linked to the listed sources, not a direct quotation.

  • Moral Responsibility and the Principle of Alternative Possibilities

    Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

    Locator: Introduction; Principle of Alternative Possibilities

    Open source

Time × place

Where the idea met time and place

We do not invent a birthplace for an idea. Only evidence-backed events such as writing, publication, teaching, and reception appear here.

1969 CE · 1969

Frankfurt's article shifts attention from alternative possibilities to the actual source of action.

Keep the voyage moving

Where should this perspective lead?