Longino — Objectivity through communities where criticism can work
The question that opens it
Does objectivity depend less on a neutral individual than on structures that expose assumptions to criticism and revision?
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Longino's contextual empiricism holds that data support hypotheses through background assumptions, so objectivity depends on public criticism capable of transforming those assumptions.
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This is an evidence-linked editorial account, not a direct quotation.
Scientific Objectivity
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Locator: §4.3 Feminist and Social Epistemology, Longino on transformative criticism
Open source
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Venues for criticism, shared standards, uptake of criticism, and tempered equality of intellectual authority are conditions for effective criticism, not mere diversity of opinion.
Check the evidence
This is an evidence-linked editorial account, not a direct quotation.
Scientific Objectivity
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Locator: §4.3, criteria for transformative criticism
Open source